On LeVeque's theorem about the uniform distribution (mod 1) of \((a_ j\,\cos \,a_ jx)^{\infty}_{j=1}\) (Q1122622)

Let \((a_ j)\) denote a sequence of strictly increasing integers. It was shown by \textit{W. J. LeVeque} [Duke J. Math. 20, 367-374 (1953; Zbl 0051.285)] that for almost all x (with respect to Lebesgue measure), the sequence \((a_ j \cos a_ jx)\), \(j=1,2,..\). is uniformly distributed modulo one. In Theorem 1, it is proved that the discrepancy D(n,x) of this sequence satisfies for almost all x the asymptotic estimate \(D(n,x)=o(n^{-1/4} (\log n)^{3/2+\epsilon})\) (for all \(\epsilon >0)\). This result is a special case of Satz 4 in \textit{W. G. Nowak} [Sitzungsber., Abt. II, Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 189, 249-276 (1980; Zbl 0472.10052)]. The other theorems of the article are interesting generalizations of results of R. C. Baker concerning the Hausdorff dimension of the set of numbers x such that the discrepancy of the sequence \((a_ jx)\) is large [\textit{R. C. Baker}, J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 24, 34-40 (1981; Zbl 0422.10048)]. Theorem 2: Suppose \(q\in (0,1/4)\), for some \(p\geq 1\) that \(a_ j=O(j^ P)\). Then \[ \dim \{x:\quad \limsup_{n\to \infty}n^ q D(n,x)>0\}\leq 1-(1-4q)/(4p+2q+1/2). \]