Topological invariants of O'Grady's six dimensional irreducible symplectic variety (Q883103)

In this paper, O'Grady's examples of irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds are investigated. An irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds is a simply connected complex Kähler manifold whose space of global holomorphic \(2\)-forms is generated by a closed non-degenerate \(2\)-form. Assuming compactness, this notion is equivalent to the notion of a hyperkähler manifold in Riemannian geometry. The interest in such manifolds comes from Bogomolov's decomposition theorem, which says that compact Kähler manifolds with torsion first Chern class have a finite cover which is isomorphic to the product of a flat torus, Calabi-Yau manifolds and simply-connected hyperkähler manifolds. Currently, in contrast to the other two types of building blocks, the number of known examples of irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds is very limited. To date, there are only four types of examples known: Hilbert schemes, generalised Kummer varieties and two examples of O'Grady of dimension six and ten respectively. Any other known example of irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifold is deformation equivalent to one of these. In section 1 of the paper under review, the author proves that O'Grady's examples are deformation equivalent to Lagrangian fibrations. This confirms for these two examples what is conjectured for all irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds. The rest of this paper is concerned with topological properties of O'Grady's six-dimensional example. In section 2 it is shown that its topological Euler characteristic is equal to \(1920\). The bulk of the paper is filled by section 3, where an explicit description of the Beauville form is given and where it is shown that the Fujiki constant is equal to \(60\). It is interesting to note that the value of the Fujiki constant obtained here is the same as in the case of the six-dimensional generalised Kummer variety. This is the first known case of non-diffeomorphic irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds with equal Fujiki constant. The main tool to get these results is a slight generalisation of O'Grady's desingularisation which allows to construct a birational model of the original examples of O'Grady. This new irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifold comes with a natural morphism to a projective space (the complete linear system of twice a theta divisor on the Jacobian of a curve of genus two). A detailed analysis of the fibres of this morphism allows the calculation of the topological invariants of this manifold. The birational morphism to O'Grady's original example is obtained with the aid of a Fourier-Mukai transform. A result of \textit{D. Huybrechts} [J. Differ. Geom. 45, No.~3, 488--513 (1997; Zbl 0917.53010)] which says that two irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds which are birational are also deformation equivalent is then used to obtain information about the topology of O'Grady's example. This gives in particular the Euler characteristic. The result in section 1 follows now from work of \textit{D. Matsushita} [Topology 40, 431--432 (2001; Zbl 0932.32027)]. The calculation of the Beauville form and Fujiki constant is more involved. It starts with a basis of the rational second cohomology which was given by O'Grady. From it, a basis of the integer cohomology is extracted. This is done with the aid of the Uhlenbeck compactification of the \(\mu\)-stable locus of the moduli space whose symplectic resolution gave O'Grady's example. Moreover, the birational model used before, plays again a crucial role in the calculations.