Boundary concentration for eigenvalue problems related to the onset of superconductivity (Q5938843)

The authors deal with the asymptotic behaviour of the eigenvalue \(\mu(h)\) and corresponding eigenfunction associated with the variational problem \[ \mu(h)\equiv \inf_{\psi\in H^1(\Omega, \mathbb{C})} {\int_\Omega|(i\nabla+ hA)\psi|^2 dx dy\over \int_\Omega|\psi|^2 dx dy} \] in the regime \(h\gg 1\). Here, \(A\) is any vector field with curl equal to \(1\). The authors show that when the domain \(\Omega\) is not a disc, the first eigenfunction does not concentrate along the entire boundary. It must be decay to zero with large \(h\) somewhere along the boundary, while simultaneously decaying at an exponential rate inside the domain.