Finite groups with given systems of weakly \(S\)-propermutable subgroups (Q311051)

One of the questions that has attracted the attention of many researchers in abstract group theory is the following: what can we say about a finite group in which all members of a distinguished family of subgroups satisfy a certain subgroup embedding property? The embedding property considered in the paper under review is weak S-permutability. In this review, the word ``group'' will be used as a synonymous of ``finite group''. A subgroup \(H\) of a group \(G\) is said to be \textit{S-propermutable} in~\(G\) if there exists a subgroup \(B\) of~\(G\) such that \(G=\mathrm{N}_G(H)B\) and \(H\) permutes with all Sylow subgroups of~\(B\). A subgroup \(H\) of a group~\(G\) is said to be \textit{K-\(\mathfrak{U}\)-subnormal} in~\(G\) if there exists a chain of subgroups \(H=H_0\leq H_1\leq \dots\leq H_t=G\) such that either \(H_{i-1}\) is normal in~\(H_i\) or \(H_i/{(H_{i-1})}_{H_i}\) is supersoluble for all \(i\in\{1,\dots, t\}\). A subgroup \(H\) of a group~\(G\) is called \textit{weakly S-propermutable} in~\(G\) if there is a K-\(\mathfrak{U}\)-subnormal subgroup \(T\) of~\(G\) such that \(HT=G\) and \(H\cap T\leq S\leq H\) for some S-propermutable subgroup~\(S\) of~\(G\). The main result of this paper is: Theorem~1.2. Let \(X\) be a normal subgroup of~\(G\) and \(P\) a Sylow \(p\)-subgroup of \(X\) such that \(\gcd(p-1, |X|)=1\). Suppose that there is a subgroup \(1<D<P\) such that every subgroup of \(P\) of order \(|D|\) and also, in the case when \(P\) is non-abelian and \(|D|=2\), every cyclic subgroup of order~\(4\) of~\(P\) is weakly S-propermutable in~\(G\). Then \(X\) is \(p\)-nilpotent and every \(p\)-chief factor of~\(G\) below~\(X\) is cyclic. As a particular case of Theorem~1.2, we have that if we replace ``weakly S-propermutable'' by ``S-propermutable'', we obtain a positive answer to Question 18.91~(b) in [\textit{V. D. Mazurov} (ed.) and \textit{E. I. Khukhro} (ed.), The Kourovka notebook. Unsolved problems in group theory. 18th edition (Russian). Novosibirsk: Institute of Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Div. (2014; Zbl 1372.20001)] (Corollary~1.3). Another consequence of the main result is: Corollary~1.4. Let \(X\leq E\) be normal subgroups of~\(G\). Suppose that for every non-cyclic Sylow subgroup \(P\) of~\(X\), there is a subgroup \(1<D<P\) such that every subgroup of \(P\) of order~\(|D|\) and also, in the case when \(P\) is non-abelian and \(|D|=2\), every cyclic subgroup of order~\(4\) of~\(P\) is weakly S-propermutable in~\(G\). If \(X=E\) or \(X=\mathrm{F}^*(E)\), then every chief factor of~\(G\) below~\(E\) is cyclic. Here, \(\mathrm{F}^*(E)\) denotes the generalised Fitting subgroup of~\(E\), that is, the product of all normal quasinilpotent subgroups of~\(E\). Recall that a formation is a class of groups \(\mathfrak{F}\) closed under taking epimorphic images and subdirect products, and that it is solubly saturated when \(G/\Phi(N)\in \mathfrak{F}\) for a soluble normal subgroup \(N\) of~\(G\) implies that \(G\in\mathfrak{F}\). As a consequence of Corollary~1.4, we obtain: Corollary~1.5. Let \(\mathfrak{F}\) is a solubly saturated formation containing all supersoluble groups. Suppose that \(X\leq E\) are normal subgroups of \(G\) such that \(G/E\in\mathfrak{F}\). Assume that for every non-cyclic Sylow subgroup \(P\) of \(X\) there is a subgroup \(1<D<P\) such that every subgroup of~\(P\) of order~\(|D|\) and also, in the case when \(P\) is non-abelian and \(|D|=2\), every cyclic subgroup of order~\(4\) of \(P\) is weakly S-propermutable in~\(G\). If \(X=E\) or \(X=\mathrm{F}^*(G)\), then \(G\in\mathfrak{F}\). In order to argue by induction in the proofs, the author uses the following two generalisations of S-propermutable and weakly S-propermutable subgroups: A subgroup \(H\) of~\(G\) is said to be \textit{generalised S-propermutable} in~\(G\) if it is completely S-propermutable in~\(H^G\) (that is, it is S-propermutable in all intermediate subgroups) and \(H\) permutes with some Sylow \(p\)-subgroup of~\(G\) for any prime \(p\) dividing \(|G|\). A subgroup \(H\) of \(G\) is \textit{P-embedded} in~\(G\) if there is a K-\(\mathfrak{U}\)-subnormal subgroup \(T\) of \(G\) such that \(HT=G\) and \(H\cap T\leq S\leq H\) for some generalised S-propermutable subgroup \(S\) of~\(G\).