Regularity of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations with viewpoint of 2D flow (Q683497)

The relationship of 3D and 2D flow described by the Navier-Stokes equations is studied in the paper. The author considers the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the space time cylinder \(\Omega_T=\Omega\times(0,T)\), \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^3\) \[ \frac{\partial v}{\partial t}+(v\cdot\nabla)v-\Delta v+\nabla p=0,\quad \operatorname{div}v=0, \] \[ v(x,t)=0,\;x\in\partial\Omega,\quad v(x,0)=v_0(x),\;x\in\Omega. \] It is proved that\newline 1) if the weak solution \((v,p)\) depends only on \((x_1,x_2)\) and \(v_0=(v_{01}(x_1,x_2),v_{02}(x_1,x_2),0)\) then the third component of the velocity vector \(v\) is zero, \(v_3(x_1,x_2)=0\);\newline 2) if the third component of the weak solution \(v\) is zero and \(v_0=(v_{01}(x_1,x_2),v_{02}(x_1,x_2),0)\) then \(v\) is independent of \(x_3\). The question of axial symmetry of the solution to the Cauchy problem \[ \frac{\partial v}{\partial t}+(v\cdot\nabla)v-\Delta v+\nabla p=0,\quad \operatorname{div}v=0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^3,\;t>0, \] \[ v(x,0)=v_0(x),\;x\in\mathbb{R}^3 \] is also considered. It is proved that\newline 1) if the flow is swirl free then the solution \((v,p)\) is axially symmetric;\newline 2) if the flow is axially symmetric and initially swirl free then the this flow is swirl free and regular.