Meromorphic factorization revisited and application to some groups of matrix functions (Q941074)

The authors investigate dependencies between the notions of meromorphic factorization and Wiener--Hopf factorization of Hölder continuous matrix functions \(G\), as well as their consequences to the Fredholm properties of Toeplitz operators with symbol \(G\). In building such a bridge between those two kinds of factorizations of matrix functions, the authors attempt to avoid certain difficulties which may be found in previous works. Namely, one of the aims of the present paper is to present a constructive method to turn a meromorphic factorization into a Wiener--Hopf factorization in a way that will circumvent the difficulty of having to factorize a middle rational matrix as a last step of the method. It is shown that from a meromorphic factorization of \(G\), one can obtain a complete characterization of the kernel of the Toeplitz operator \(T_G\) directly, and also the partial indices, without actually determining a Wiener--Hopf factorization of the symbol. Knowing the partial indices in advance, the procedure to transform a meromorphic factorization into a explicit Wiener--Hopf one becomes easier and it turns out that it can be reduced to solving a linear system of equations. The proposed method is illustrated for different classes of matrix functions. In particular, matrix functions of the Jones form [\textit{D.\,S.\thinspace Jones}, Proc.\ R.\ Soc.\ Lond.,\ Ser.\,A 393, 185--192 (1984; Zbl 0545.15005)], the \(2\times{2}\) Daniele--Khrapkov class, and others with interest to finite-dimensional integrable systems and wave diffraction theory are considered.