The nonstandard quantum plane (Q958488)

Let \(k\) be a field of characteristic \(\not = 2\), \(q\) be an element of \(k\) which is not a root of unity. The associated quantum plane \(k_q[x,y]\) is the free \(k\)-algebra \(k \{x,\}\) generated by \(x\) and \(y\), modulo the relation \(y x = q x y\). The quantum group \(U_q\) is the \(k\)-algebra generated by the free variables \(E\), \(F\), \(K\) and \(K^{-1}\), modulo the relations \[ K K^{-1} = K^{-1} K = 1, \quad KEK^{-1} = q^2 E, \quad KFK^{-1} = q^{-2} F, \quad EF - FE = {{K - K^{-1}} \over {q - q^{-1}}}. \] The quantum plane \(k_q[x,y]\) can be regarded as a left module over \(U_ q\) if one defines the action of the generators of \(U_q\) as follows, for \(i\) and \(j\) non-negative integers, \[ K x^i y^j = q^{i-j} x^i y^j, \quad E x^i y^j = [i] x^{i-1} y^{j+1}, \quad F x^i y^j = [j] x^{i+1} y^{j-1} \] where \([i]\) is \({{q^i - q^{-i}} \over {q - q^{-1}}}\) and \([j]\) is introduced in the same way. The paper develops a model-theoretic analysis of the quantum plane viewed as a \(U_q\)-module and shows several analogues of the results obtained by the first author over the universal enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra \(sl_2(k)\) for \(k\) an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 [\textit{I. Herzog}, ``The pseudo-finite dimensional representations of \(sl(2,k)\)'', Sel. Math., New Ser. 7, No.~2, 241--290 (2001; Zbl 1084.17004)]. In particular it is proved that the lattice of definable \(k\)-subspaces of the quantum plane is complemented. This is deduced from the same result for the direct sum of a copy of every simple representation of \(U_q\). A noteworthy consequence of this theorem is that the ring of definable scalars of the quantum plane is a von Neumann regular epimorphic ring extension of the quantum group.