On the best constants in inequalities of the Markov and Wirtinger types for polynomials on the half-line (Q999789)

Equip the linear space of all complex polynomials of degree at most \(n\) (denoted by \(\mathcal{P}_n\)), with the norm \[ \|f\|=\left(\int_0^{\infty}|f(t)|^2e^{-t}dt\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}. \] For the function \(f^{(v)}\), the \(v\)-th derivative of \(f\), the aim of this paper is to study the best possible constant \(\gamma_n^{(v)}\) in the inequality \(\|f^{(v)}\|\leq\gamma_n^{(v)}\|f\|\) for all \(f\in\mathcal{P}_n\). The authors, show that \(\gamma_n^{(v)}=\|K_v\|_{\infty}n^v+O(n^{v-1})\), where \(\|K_v\|_{\infty}\) is the operator norm of the integral operator \(K_v\) on \(L^2(0,1)\), that is given by \[ (K_vf)(x)=\frac{1}{(v-1)!}\int_x^1(y-x)^{v-1}f(y)dy, \] and \[ \frac{1}{(v-1)!}\frac{1}{\sqrt{(2v+1)(2v-1)}}\leq\|K_v\|_{\infty} \leq\frac{1}{(v-1)!}\frac{1}{\sqrt{2v(2v-1)}} \] for all \(v\geq 1\). Other bounds for the value of \(\|K_v\|_{\infty}\) are given in terms of the integral \[ I(v)=2\int_0^1\int_0^x\left(\int_0^y(x-t)^{v-1}(y-t)^{v-1}dt\right)^2dydx. \] Finally, if \(\|f\|\leq\beta_n^{(v)}\|f^{(v)}\|\) for all \(f\in\mathcal{P}_n\ominus\mathcal{P}_{v-1}\) (the orthogonal complement of \(\mathcal{P}_{v-1}\) in \(\mathcal{P}_n\)), then the authors prove that the best possible \(\beta_n^{(v)}\) satisfy \(\beta_n^{(1)}=2\cos\frac{\pi}{2n+1}\), and \(\beta_n^{(v)}=2^v(1-\frac{\pi^2v}{8n^2})+O(n^{-3})\), as \(n\rightarrow\infty\).