Complemented subspaces in \(L^\infty(\mathbb{D})\) (Q1029932)

Let \(\mathbb{D}=\{z\in\mathbb{C}:|z|<1\}\) be the open unit disk equipped with the normalized area measure \(dA(z)=\frac{1}{\pi}\,dx\,dy\). The paper is devoted to studying complemented subspaces of \(L^\infty(\mathbb{D})\). The Bloch space \({\mathcal B}\) of \(\mathbb{D}\) is the Banach space of analytic functions \(f:\mathbb{D} \to\mathbb{C}\) such that \[ \|f\|=|f(0)|+\sup\{(1-|z|^2)|f'(z)|:z\in\mathbb{D}\}<\infty. \] The little Bloch space \({\mathcal B}_0\) of \(\mathbb{D}\) is the closed subspace of \({\mathcal B}\) consisting of functions \(f\) such that \(\lim_{|z|\to 1^-} (1-|z|^2)f'(z)=0\). It is proved that the little Bloch space \({\mathcal B}_0\) cannot be complemented in \({\mathcal B}\), and hence \(C(\overline{\mathbb{D}})\) cannot be complemented in \(L^\infty(\mathbb{D})\). Given the orthogonal projection \(\widetilde{P}\) of the Lebesgue \(L^2(\mathbb{T})\) onto the Hardy space \(H^2(\mathbb{T})\), let \(BMOA=\widetilde{P}L^\infty(\mathbb{T})\), \(VMOA=\widetilde{P}C(\mathbb{T})\), and let \(BMOA(\mathbb{D})\) and \(VMOA(\mathbb{D})\) consist of harmonic extensions of functions in \(BMOA\) and \(VMOA\), respectively. Then it is shown that \(BMOA(\mathbb{D})\) can be complemented in \({\mathcal B}\), but \(VMOA(\mathbb{D})\) cannot be complemented in \(BMOA(\mathbb{D})\). Let \(L^2_a\) be the Bergman space of analytic functions in \(L^2(\mathbb{D},dA)\), \((\overline{L^2_a})_0=\{\overline{f}:f\in L^2_a,f(0)=0\}\), let \(P\) and \(\overline{P}\) be the orthogonal projections from \(L^2(\mathbb{D},dA)\) onto \(L^2_a\) and \((\overline{L^2_a})_0\), respectively, and let \(h^\infty(\mathbb{D})\) be the space of bounded harmonic functions on \(\mathbb{D}\). Given \(\phi\in h^\infty(\mathbb{D})\), let \(T_\phi=P\phi P\) be the Toeplitz operator with symbol \(\phi\) on the Bergman space \(L^2_a\), \(h_\phi=\overline{P}\phi P:L^2_a\to(\overline{L^2_a})_0\) be the little Hankel operator with symbol \(\phi\), and let \({\mathcal L}(H)\) denote the space of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space \(H\). It is shown that the space \(\{T_\phi:\phi\in h^\infty(\mathbb{D})\}\) can be complemented \({\mathcal L}(L^2_a)\), but the space \(\{h_\phi:\phi\in h^\infty(\mathbb{D})\}\) cannot be complemented in \({\mathcal L}(L^2_a,(\overline{L^2_a})_0)\).