\(BC\)-type interpolation Macdonald polynomials and binomial formula for Koornwinder polynomials (Q1128342)

To the system of roots \(A_n\) there correspond the polynomials \(P^*_\mu (x;q,t)\) which generalize shifted Schur functions in the way that \[ s^*_\mu (x)=\lim _{q\to 1}\{ P^*_\mu (q^x;q,t)/(q-1)^{|\mu |} \}, \] where \(q^x=(q^{x_1},\cdots ,q^{x_n})\) and \(|\mu |\) stands for the number of squares in \(\mu\). These polynomials are called interpolation Macdonald polynomials. They are also known as shifted or inhomogeneous Macdonald polynomials. The main aim of the paper is to introduce and to study 3-parameter polynomials \(P^*_\mu (x;q,t,s)\) which replace the interpolation Macdonald polynomials for the \(BC_n\)-type root system. For these polynomials the author proves an integral representation, a combinatorial formula, Pieri rules, and Cauchy identity. It is shown that the polynomials \(P^*_\mu (x;q,t,s)\) do not satisfy any rational \(q\)-difference equation. As \(s\to \infty\) the polynomials \(P^*_\mu (x;q,t,s)\) become \(P^*_\mu (x;q,t)\). Using properties of \(P^*_\mu (x;q,t,s)\), the author proves a binomial formula for 6-parameter Koornwinder polynomials which generalize Macdonald polynomials for classical root systems.