Resolvent approach for two-dimensional scattering problems. Application to the nonstationary Schrödinger problem and the KPI equation (Q1311514)

Techniques are developed for the study of two-dimensional scattering by means of the resolvent operator. The advantages of the resolvent approach are shown on the example of the linear problem, the nonstationary Schrödinger equation \((-i \partial_ y + \partial^ 2_ x - u(x,y)) \Phi = 0\), which is the spectral problem associated with the KPI equation \((u_ t - 6uu_ x + u_{xxx})_ x = 3u_{yy}\). The resolvent \(M\) is determined as the Fourier transform of the full Green function of the linear problem in two variables continued into the complex domain. An analog of the Hilbert identity is given for \(M\). The time evolution of \(M\) is derived using this identity. The properties of \(M\) in complex variables are studied. The Jost, \textit{A. S. Fokas} and \textit{M. J. Ablowitz} [Stud. Appl. Math. 69, 211-228 (1983; Zbl 0528.35079)], and retarded/advanced solutions of the above Schrödinger equation are discussed. Scalar products of these solutions, equations of the inverse problem, and completeness relations are derived.