Image areas and BMO norms of analytic functions (Q1062177)

Let R be a non-parabolic open Riemann surface with Green's function g(z,a). If f is analytic on R then one can define the quantities \[ A(f)=(1/\pi)area(f(R)),\quad B(f)=\sup (2/\pi)\iint_{R}| f'(z)|^ 2g(z,a)dxdy \] and \[ D(f)=(1/\pi)\iint_{R}| f'(z)|^ 2dxdy. \] The author [Can. J. Math. 36, 747-755 (1984; Zbl 0553.30022)] has previously shown B(f)\(\leq A(f)\) (\(\leq D(f))\) but left open the conditions when equality holds. Here he gives a simpler proof of the inequalities and shows \(B(f)=A(f)=D(f)\) if and only if R is a Riemann surface which is obtained from a simply connected surface by deleting at most a set of zero logarithmic capacity and f can be extended to a conformal map of W onto a disk. Finally, he gives an example to show that a conjecture he had made in his previous paper does not hold. This conjecture was that if p is the universal covering map from the disk to R then \(B(f)=A(f)\) if and only if \(f\circ p\) is of the form \(c\phi +d\) where c and d are constants and \(\phi\) is an inner function.