Invertibility of ``large'' submatrices with applications to the geometry of Banach spaces and harmonic analysis (Q1094628)

Considering an \(n\times n\) matrix A as an operator on an \(\ell^ n_ p\)-space (for some \(1\leq p\leq \infty)\) it may well be that the restriction of A to the linear span of some ``large'' subset of the unit vector basis \(\{e_ i\}^ n_{i=1}\) for \(\ell^ n_ p\) is an isomorphism. This paper is a study of such restricted invertibility of matrices as it arises naturally in a variety of interesting applications ranging from a result in harmonic analysis concerning the trigonometric system on sets of positive measure to the solution of several problems in the geometry of Banach spaces. Generalizations to operators on more general spaces with unconditional bases are also discussed.