On Chebyshev quadrature for ultraspherical weight functions (Q1097437)

The Chebyshev-type quadrature formula \[ \int^{1}_{-1}w(x)f(x)dx=C_ n\sum^{n}_{i=1}f(_{n,i})+R_ n[f], \] having real nodes \(x_{n,i}\), \(i=1,2,...,n\), is called a Chebyshev formula if its degree of exactness is at least n. A Chebyshev formula is called a Chebyshev formula in the strict sense if all nodes are pairwise distinct and contained in the open interval (-1,1). The problem of the existence of Chebyshev-type quadrature for the ultraspherical weight \(w(x)=(1-x^ 2)^{\lambda -1/2},\lambda >-1/2\), has been investigated by many authors in the case \(\lambda\geq 0\). The author obtains some important results related to the open question of Chebyshev quadrature for \(\lambda <0\). In particular he proves that, if \(\lambda \leq \lambda_ 0=-0.30056...\), then for the ultraspherical weight there exist no Chebyshev formula in the strict sense having more than two nodes. Other formulas are obtained for Chebyshev formulas with nodes outside [-1,1], for Chebyshev formulas of closed type and for other Chebyshev-type formulas. Numerical results are given for \(\lambda_ 0<\lambda <0\).