Towards the weighted bounded negativity conjecture for blow-ups of algebraic surfaces (Q2004021)

Let \(X\) be a smooth and connected complex projective surface. The bounded negativity conjecture if there is \(b(X)\in \mathbb {N}\) such that \(C^2\ge -b(X)\) for all integral curves \(C\subset X\). It is known that it is equivalent to the same statement allowing as \(C\) all reduced curves. The weighted bunded negativity conjecture asks if there is \(b_w(X)\in \mathbb {N}\) such that \(C^2\ge -b_w(X)(C\cdot H)^2\) for each integral curve \(C\) and each nef and big line bundle \(H\) with \(C\cdot H)>0\). The authors give interesting results on the latter for the blowing-ups of \(\mathbb {P}^2\) and the Hirzebruch surfaces. For the proofs, they improve an inequality by \textit{F. Sakai} [in: Geometry of complex projective varieties. Proceedings of the conference, Cetraro, Italy, May 28--June 2, 1990. Rende: Mediterranean Press. 257--273 (1993; Zbl 0939.14011)] and \textit{S. Orevkov} and \textit{M. Zaidenberg} [``On the number of singular points of plane curves. Geometry of algebraic varieties'', in: Proceedings of the conference on algebraic geometry. Saitama University. 156--177 (1995)]: Let \(C\subset X\) be an integral curve such that \(X\setminus C\) has logarithmic Kodaira dimension \(\ge 0\). Let \(m_1,\dots ,m_s\) (resp. \(\mu_1,\dots ,\mu_s\) be the multiplicities (resp. Milnor numbers) of the singular points of \(C\). Then \[ \sum _i(2+\frac{1}{m_i})\mu _i \le 3e(X)-K^2_X+2C^2-K_X\cdot C.\]