A method for constructing invariants of a Lie group (Q2256653)

The author presents a method for constructing invariants of Lie groups in the following context: Consider the adjoint action of a Lie group \(G\) (or a subgroup of \(G\)) on the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}=\text{Lie}(G)\). The main idea of the method is to extend automorphisms of the Cartan subalgebra to automorphisms of the whole Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\). The corresponding matrices in the linear space \(V=\mathfrak{g}\) define the Reynolds operator, which ``gathers'' invariants of the torus \(\mathcal{T}\subset G\) into special polynomials. The criterion for a linear combination of polynomials to be \(G\)-invariant is equivalent to the existence of a solution for a certain system of linear equations in the coefficients of the combination. The author provides also examples where the method is worked out in detail. In particular, the method is explicitly presented through the adjoint action of \(\text{SL}(3)\) (and its subgroup \(\text{SL}(2)\)) on \(\mathfrak{sl}(3)\).