Birational properties of moduli spaces of stable locally free rank-2 sheaves on algebraic surfaces (Q1176274)

Let \(X\) be a smooth projective surface over \(\mathbb{C}\), and \(L\) a polarisation of \(X\); for a fixed integer \(C_ 2\) and \(C_ 1\in\text{Pic} X\) such that \(4C_ 2-C^ 2_ 1>0\), \(M_ L(C_ 1,C_ 2)\) is the moduli space of \(L\)-stable vector bundles of rank two on \(X\) with determinant \(C_ 1\) and second Chern class \(C_ 2\). An irreducible component \(M\) of \(M_ L(C_ 1, C_ 2)\) is said to be good if it is generically smooth of dimension \(4C_ 2-C^ 2_ 1-3\chi({\mathcal O}_ X)\) (the minimum expected dimension). One of the main results of this paper is as follows: if \(X\) is minimal of general type, there exists a constant \(p(X)\) such that, if \(4C_ 2-C^ 2_ 1>p(X)\), any component of \(M_ L(C_ 1,C_ 2)\) is either good or is birational to a \(\mathbb{P}^ N\)-bundle over \(\text{Pic}^ 0(X)\times\text{Hilb}^ \ell(X)\) for some \(N\) and \(\ell\); here \(\text{Hilb}^ \ell\) denotes the Hilbert scheme of zero cycles of length \(\ell\). This is related to a previous result of Donaldson and Friedman, according to which each component of \(M_ L(C_ 1,C_ 2)\) is good if \(4C_ 2-C^ 2_ 1>p(X,L)\). The author also considers the question of existence of trivial polarisations: the generic point of a component of \(M_ L(C_ 1,C_ 2)\) is stable with respect to every polarisation. He proves that, for \(X\) as above satisfying some additional conditions, trivial polarisations of type \(C_ 1,C_ 2\) exist if \(4C_ 2-C^ 2_ 1\gg 0\). The proofs depend on the study of certain specific families of vector bundles of rank two introduced by the author in an (as yet) unpublished paper.