Strongly finitely based equational theories (Q1180703)

An equational theory \(T\) is called strongly based on \(\Gamma\subseteq T\) iff each equation \(e\) in \(T\) is derivable from \(\Gamma\) in the rudimentary Birkhoff calculus, i.e. without replacement rules. Moreover \(T\) is strongly finitely based iff \(\Gamma\) is finite. Section 1 contains, beside some examples of strongly finitely based theories, the result that the regularization \(T^ r\) of a strongly (finitely) based theory \(T\) is also strongly (finitely) based if \(T\) is an equational theory in \(L_ 0\) containing an equation \(\tau(x,y)=x\) for some term \(\tau(x,y)\). Section 2 deals with independence of equational theories and varieties generated by 2-element groupoids. A groupoid is called proper iff its operation depends on both arguments. The main result is that each variety \(V\) of groupoids generated by proper 2-element groupoids is strongly finitely based. Finally two problems are stated: Is any variety \(V\) strongly finitely based iff a polynomial equivalent variety \(V'\) is strongly finitely based? Does a strongly finitely based equational theory \(T\) exist such that the regularization \(T^ r\) is not strongly finitely based?