A spectral mapping theorem for perturbed strongly continuous semigroups (Q1191437)

Let \(\sigma(A)\) denote the spectrum of an operator \(A\) in a Banach space \(E\): if \(T\in{\mathcal L}(E)\) we define \(r_{\text{ess}}(T)\) as the radius of the essential spectrum of \(T\), i.e. the spectrum of the canonical image \(T\) in the Calkin algebra \({\mathcal L}(E)/K(E)\), where \(K(E)\) denotes the ideal of compact operators in \(E\). The authors give some positive answers to a conjecture by Mokhtar- Kharroubi by proving (among others) the following results: let \(U\) be a \(C_ 0\)-semigroup on the Banach space \(E\) with generator \(A\). Let \(K\in{\mathcal L}(E)\) and \(V\) be the \(C_ 0\)-semigroup generated by \(A+K\): (i) if \(U(t)K\) is continuous in \(t>0\) for the uniform topology then \[ \sigma(V(t))\sim \{0\}\subseteq e^{t\sigma(A+K)}\cup\bigl\{\lambda\in\sigma (U(t)): |\lambda|\leq r_{\text{ess}}(U(t))\bigr\}. \] (ii) If there exists \(n\geq 1\) such that \(KU(s_ 1)K\cdots KU(s_ n)K\) depends continuously on \((s_ 1,\dots,s_ n)\) \((s_ i> 0,\;1\leq i\leq n)\) then \[ \sigma(V(t))\subseteq e^{t\sigma(A+K)}\cup\bigl\{\lambda\in\mathbb{C}: |\lambda|\leq r_{\text{ess}}(U(t))\bigr\}. \] This second result can be applied to a class of scattering operators which arise in the neutron transport equation as proved by \textit{M. Mokhtar-Kharroubi}: Effects régularisants en théorie neutronique, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris Sér. I 310, No. 7, 545-548 (1990; Zbl 0695.47049).