Bi-Lagrangian structures on nilmanifolds (Q2422361)

By definition a bi-Lagrangian structure on a smooth manifold consists of a symplectic form together with a pair of supplementary Lagrangian foliations. In the literature, bi-Lagrangian structures are also known as Künneth or para-Kähler structures. The author classifies those nilpotent Lie algebras in dimensions 2, 4, and 6 which admit a bi-Lagrangian structure. His findings can be summarized as follows: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] In dimension 2 there is a single nilpotent Lie algebra up to isomorphism, and it admits a bi-Lagrangian structure. \item[2.] In dimension 4 there are three Lie algebras up to isomorphism, each of which admits a symplectic form. Of these, two admit a bi-Lagrangian structure and one does not. \item[3.] In dimension 6 there are 26 nilpotent Lie algebras up to isomorphism that admit a symplectic form. Of these, 16 admit a bi-Lagrangian structure and 10 do not. \end{itemize} For each of these examples of bi-Lagrangian structures on a nilpotent Lie algebra, the author calculates the curvature of the canonical connection associated to the bi-Lagrangian structure. His calculations show that: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] The canonical connection is flat for all examples in dimension 2 and 4. \item[2.] In dimension 6, of the 16 examples admitting a bi-Lagrangian structure, the canonical connection is flat for 8 of them and non-flat for the remaining 8, and all 16 are Ricci-flat. \end{itemize}