Sobolev orthogonal polynomials in two variables and second order partial differential equations (Q2506440)

This clear written paper for the first time gives some elements of the theory of Sobolev orthogonal polynomials in two variables. The authors find a condition for the partial differential equation \[ Au_{xx}+Bu_{xy}+Cu_{yy}+Du_x+Eu_y=\lambda u \] to have polynomial solutions which are orthogonal with respect to a symmetric bilinear form \(\varphi(p,q)=\langle \sigma,pq\rangle+\langle\tau,p_xq_x\rangle\) where \(A,\dots,E\) are polynomials and \(\sigma,\tau\) are linear functionals on polynomials.