Stable particle-like solutions of multidimensional nonlinear fields (Q2640061)

The generalized gradient systems \[ T(\partial /\partial t)=-\delta F/\delta u+\epsilon G(u,r,t),\quad \epsilon \ll 1 \] are considered in the paper. A solution u is localized if the integral \(\int | u|^ 2 dr\) is bounded, such solution is called particle-like. Stable localized structures of two- and three-dimensional fields are investigated. A theory of the ``elementary particle'' interaction, the formation of their bound states and dynamics under the action of external perturbations is considered for scalar and complex fields. ``Elementary particles'' (a ball, a torus, a baseball etc.) of the generalized Swift- Hohenberg equation and of generalized Klein-Gordon equation are described. The weak interaction of localized structures is considered in the terms of the perturbation theory based on an adiabatic approach. Some examples of the structure dynamics are investigated.