Bifurcation of critical periods from the reversible rigidly isochronous centers (Q2637031)

The family of planar polynomial differential equations \[ x'=(-y+xf(x,y))(1+\varepsilon g(x,y)), \] \[ y'=(x+yf(x,y))(1+\varepsilon g(x,y)), \] with \(f\) homogeneous polynomial satisfying \(f(x,-y)=-f(x,y)\), is considered. Notice that when \(\varepsilon=0\) the origin is an isochronous center. For \(\varepsilon\) small enough its period function writes as \[ T(\rho,\varepsilon)=2\pi+T_1(\rho)\varepsilon+T_2(\rho)\varepsilon^2+O(\varepsilon^3). \] By using the expressions of \(T_j,j=1,2,\) the authors give lower bounds for the number of critical periods of the family in terms of the degree of \(g\) when \(f\) is either \(0\), \(y\) or \(xy\).