Canonical modules and Cohen-Macaulay types of partially ordered sets (Q1333235)

Let \(P\) be a finite poset and \(k\) be a field. Let \(A = k[x; x \in P]\) be the polynomial ring over \(k\) and let \(I\) be the ideal of \(A\) generated by those quadratic monomials \(xy\) for which \(x\) and \(y\) are incomparable in \(P\). The quotient algebra \(k [P] = A/I\) is called the Stanley-Reisner ring of \(P\) over \(k\). We say that \(k[P]\) is Cohen-Macaulay if \(k[P]\) is a free module over \(k[\Theta]\) (\(\Theta\) is a system of parameters). Now, the canonical module is defined by \(\Omega (k[P]) = \text{Hom}_{k[\Theta]} (k[P], k[\Theta])\), and the Cohen-Macaulay type of \(k[P]\) is the minimal number of generators of \(\Omega (k[P])\) as a module over \(k[P]\). Main theorem: Suppose that the Stanley-Reisner ring \(k[P]\) of a poset \(P\) is Cohen-Macaulay. Then the ideal \(S^*(k[P])\) is isomorphic to the canonical module \(\Omega (k[P])\) of \(k[P]\), up to shift in grading, if and only if the Cohen-Macaulay type of \(k[P]\) is equal to \(\sum_{C \in \varepsilon^*(P^ \wedge)} | \mu(C) |\). Let us remark, that \(S^*(k[P])\) is the ideal of \(k[P]\) generated by special square-free monomials, \(| \mu(C)| = \dim_ k (R(C))\), and \(R(C)\), \(\varepsilon^*(P^ \wedge)\) are defined in the paper.