Solutions of the cohomological equation for area-preserving flows on compact surfaces of higher genus (Q1372603)

The aim of this paper is the study of the existence and smoothness of solutions of the cohomological equation \(Xu=f\), for a generic smooth vector field \(X\) on a compact orientable surface \(M\) of genus \(g\geq 2\), which preserves a smooth area form \(\omega\) and has a finite set \(\Sigma\subset M\) of saddle-type singularities and \(f\) a smooth function on \(M\). The three principal theorems are the following. In Theorem A, the author proves that for a ``full measured'' set of such vector fields, there exists a distributional solution of the cohomological equation; in Theorem B, smooth solutions are studied, and in Theorem C it is proved that the vector space of \(X\)-invariant distributions on \(M\setminus\Sigma\) (for almost all \(X\)) has infinite (countable) dimension. The paper is divided as follows: 1. Measured foliations and quadratic differentials; 2. Fourier analysis for holomorphic quadratic differentials; 3. A partial isometry associated with a quadratic differential; 4. Existence of solutions and invariant distributions; 5. Applications to smooth area-preserving vector fields.