Spectral criteria for complementary triangular forms (Q1378037)

Let \(A\) and \(B\) be complex \(n\times n\)-matrices. If there exists an invertible \(n\times n\)-matrix \(S\) such that \(S^{-1}AS\) is an upper triangular matrix and \(S^{-1}ZS\) is a lower triangular matrix, then the pair \((A,Z)\) is said to admit simultaneous reduction to complementary triangular forms. If this is the case, one would like to know the order in which the eigenvalues of \(A\) and \(Z\) appear on the diagonals of these triangular matrices. The author discusses the cases where both \(A\) and \(Z\) have at least \(n-1\) linearly independent eigenvectors or one of them is of rank 1 or a nonderogatory matrix in terms of Jordan chains and left-Jordan chains for the matrices \(A\), \(Z\). In some cases necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained.