How to rescue solid closure. (Q1400182)

The author develops the theory of a new closure operation, the so called parasolid closure. He defines such a closure in order to preserve the good properties of solid closure or tight closure without referring to positive characteristic. The two main properties of this closure are that every ideal in a regular local ring is parasolidly closed and if \(R\) is a complete regular local ring, an \(R\)-algebra \(A\) is parasolid if and only if \(R\) is a direct summand of \(A\). The parasolid, solid and tight closures are linked according to the following way: for a noetherian ring \(R\), the parasolid closure of an ideal is contained in its solid closure. These two closures coincide when \(R\) is a noetherian \(K\)-algebra, where \(K\) is a field of positive characteristic. If, in addition, \(R\) is either an algebra essentially of finite type over an excellent local ring, or if the Frobenius endomorphism in \(R\) is finite, these two closures coincide also with the tight closure. The author obtains the Theorem of Briançon-Skoda for parasolid closure in equal characteristic zero. Numerous examples illustrate the different properties given in this paper.