A note on the symplectic topology of \(b\)-manifolds (Q1689663)

This paper studies the analogue, for the \(b\)-symplectic structure on manifolds, of some existence problems considered and solved for the symplectic structure in the theory of symplectic topology. Recall that a \(b\)-symplectic structure on a \(2n\)-dimensional manifold \(M\) is a Poisson 2-tensor \(\pi\) with \(\wedge^{n}\pi\) (or its graph embedded in\(\;\wedge^{2n}TM\)) transversal to the zero section (identified with \(M\) canonically) of the line bundle \(\wedge^{2n}TM\). Such a \(b\)-symplectic structure on \(M\) gives rise to a \(\left( 2n-1\right) \)-dimensional submanifold of \(M\), namely, the singular locus \(Z:=\left( \wedge^{n} \pi\right) ^{-1}\left( M\right) \), which is canonically endowed with a cosymplectic structure, a pair of closed forms \(\left( \theta,\eta\right) \in\Omega^{1}\left( Z\right) \times\Omega^{2}\left( Z\right) \) such that \(\theta\wedge\eta^{n-1}\) is a volume form of \(Z\). In this paper, it is shown that for an orientable, open (or more precisely, having no boundary and no compact connected component) manifold \(M\), there exists a \(b\)-symplectic structure on \(M\) if and only if \(M\times\mathbb{C}\) is almost-complex (or equivalently, carries a nondegenerate 2-form). It is also shown that any cosymplectic manifold of dimension \(3\) can be realized as the singular locus of an orientable closed \(b\)-symplectic manifold. Furthermore a class of symplectomorphisms involving Dehn twists is shown to produce symplectically fillable symplectic mapping tori in any dimension.