One-sided estimates for the existence of null points of holomorphic mappings in Banach spaces (Q1815466)

The authors prove the following analogue of Krasnoselskii's theorem: Let \(H\) be a Hilbert space, and \(B\) its open unit ball. Let \(f:{\overline B}\longrightarrow H\) be holomorphic on \(B\) and uniformly continuous on \({\overline B}\). Then if the one-sided estimate \[ \text{Re} <f(x),x> \geq 0 \] is verified for all \(x\in \partial B\), then \(f\) has a null point in \({\overline B}\), and Null\(_Bf\) is an affine submanifold of \(B\) (if non-empty). The one-sided estimate above is seen to be equivalent to \(f\) generating a continuous flow, i.e. a global solution \(x(.,z):[0,\infty )\longrightarrow B\) for each \(z\in B\) to the Cauchy problem \[ \begin{cases} \dot{x}_t + f(x_t) = 0 \\ x_0 = z \in B. \end{cases} \] For Banach spaces, similar results are obtained, where the one-sided estimates are now given by a semi-scalar product. In this case the equation \(f(x)=0\) is seen to have only an approximate solution, unless stricter conditions are imposed. In the finite-dimensional case, theorems involving more general one-sided estimates and containing the Bohl-Poincaré theorem are obtained.