Well-posedness, wave breaking and peakons for a modified \({\mu}\)-Camassa-Holm equation (Q2444409)

Put \(m(t)=\mu (u)- u_{xx},\;\mu (u)=\int_{\mathcal{S}} u(t,x) dx \), where \(\mathcal{S}\) denotes the unit circle. The authors study the following new integrable partial differential equation \[ m_t + ((2\mu (u)u -u_{x}^2)m)_x = 0, \tag{1} \] a modified periodic Camassa-Holm equation with cubic non-linearity. Like the CH equation, (1) is shown to be formally integrable with the Lax pair and bi-Hamiltonian structure. By decomposing the functions on the torus \(\mathcal{S}^d\) in Fourier series, well-posedness of the initial-value problem to (1) in the Besov space is established. A blow-up criterion for (1) is found by considering the corresponding Cauchy problem for a solution in \(H^s\) with \(s>\frac 52\). By using the Sobolev imbedding theorem and Grönvalls inequality, another blow-up criterion is found. By considering the case \(\mu=0\), by a lengthy computation, conditions for wave-breaking are found; singularities of the solutions can occur only in the form of wave-breaking, and several wave-breaking mechanisms for solutions with certain initial profiles are accurately computed. Finally, the existence of a single peaked soliton and multi-peakon solutions with a similar character of (1) is proved by a lengthy calculation in the last section.