Quantum geometry and quiver gauge theories (Q2413056)

In this paper the authors study, on the one hand, the effective low-energy theory of the two dimensional \(N=(2,2)\) supersymmetric quiver gauge theory obtained from the original four dimensional \(N=2\) theory by \(\Omega\)-deformation affecting out two of the original four space-time dimensions; and also study, on the other hand, the canonical lift of the four dimensional \(N=2\) gauge theory to a five dimensional \(N=1\) theory compactified on a circle (whose limit when the circle radius is sent to zero is the four dimensional theory). More precisely, the primary aim of this paper is to develop a formalism for the systematic computation of the universal part \({\mathcal W} (\varepsilon )\) of the effective twisted superpotential of an effective low-energy two dimensional \(N=(2,2)\) theory. This is defined by \({\mathcal W}(\varepsilon ):= -\lim\limits_{\varepsilon_2\rightarrow 0}\log{\mathcal Z} (\varepsilon_1=\varepsilon, \varepsilon_2)\) in terms of the \(\Omega\)-deformed partition function \({\mathcal Z}(\varepsilon_1,\varepsilon_2)\) of the theory (for a more detailed formulation see Equation 1.2 in the article). In this framework \(\varepsilon\) plays the role of the Planck constant and the quantum theory with \(\varepsilon\not=0\) can be regarded as a deformation of a classical one at \(\varepsilon =0\). This classical theory has a current taking place in (the universal enveloping algebra of) an associated current algebra and the twisted characters of the conjugacy class of this current in the fundamental representations of the current algebra were constructed in an earlier manuscript by two of the authors [the first author and the second author, ``Seiberg-Witten geometry of four dimensional \(N=2\) quiver gauge theories'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1211.2240}]. The main result of the present paper is the generalization of this result for \(\varepsilon\not=0\) which means that the classical current algebra is replaced by its appropriate quantum deformation, the current with a quantum one and the twisted characters of the fundamental current-algebra-modules with \(q\)-characters (see Proposition 1 in the article). The \(q\)-characters of the quantum current are then used through chiral ring observables of the five dimensional theory to compute \({\mathcal W}(\varepsilon )\). Finally we note that, as the authors also emphasize, this paper is a continuation and extension of results of the earlier arXiv manuscript mentioned above.