Biharmonic curves in the generalized Heisenberg group (Q2568863)

A map between Riemannian manifolds is called biharmonic if it is a critical point of the bi-energy functional defined by the integral of the norm square of the tension field. Harmonic maps are biharmonic with absolute minimum of the bi-energy. In this paper the author explicitly calculates all relevant data for curves in a Heisenberg group. Using this, he exhibits examples of biharmonic, nonharmonic curves.