Linkage of modules with respect to a semidualizing module (Q1703651)

The notion of the horizontal linkage of modules is due to \textit{A. Martsinkovsky} and \textit{J. R. Strooker} [J. Algebra 271, No. 2, 587--626 (2004; Zbl 1099.13026)]; it generalizes \textit{C. Peskine} and \textit{L. Szpiro}'s [Invent. Math. 26, 271--302 (1974; Zbl 0298.14022)] notion of linkage for ideals and has become fairly popular. The present paper makes significant contributions to this theory. For a finitely generated module \(M\) over a commutative Noetherian ring \(R\), let \(\operatorname{Tr} M\) denote Auslander's transpose (the cokernel of the dual of a finite free presentation of \(M\)), and set \(\lambda M\) equal to \(\Omega \operatorname{Tr} M\), where \(\Omega\) is the first syzygy operator. Two finitely generated \(R\)-modules \(M\) and \(N\) are \textit{horizontally linked} if \(M \cong \lambda N\) and \(N \cong \lambda M\). Once a notion of linkage is defined, one immediately wonders what properties are preserved under linkage. There are three main results in this paper; each of them is interesting. Theorem A in the present paper is a generalization of results in Martsinkovsky and Strooker where it is shown that horizontal linkage preserves maximal Cohen Macaulayness over Gorenstein rings but does not preserve this property over non-Gorenstein rings. The present paper shows that, over a Cohen-Macaulay local ring with canonical module, horizontal linkage with respect to the canonical module preserves maximal Cohen Macaulayness for every module of finite Gorenstein injective dimension. The present result generalizes Martsinkovsky and Strooker because over a Gorenstein ring, every module has finite Gorenstein injective dimension. Theorem B is a very pretty adjoint equivalence between the category of Cohen-Macaulay modules of finite \(G\)-dimension and the category of modules of finite Gorenstein injective dimension. In the theory of linkage of ideals, \textit{P. Schenzel} [J. Math. Kyoto Univ. 22, 485--498 (1982; Zbl 0506.13012)] related the Serre condition \((S_n)\) satisfied by the quotient ring defined by the ideal \(I\) to the vanishing of local cohomology modules of the quotient ring defined by the ideal \(J\) which is linked to \(I\). Theorem C extends Schenzel's Theorem to horizontal linkage by modules.