Systems with hidden attractors. From theory to realization in circuits (Q2406165)

Let \(dX/dt = F(X, p)\) be a dynamical system where \(X \in \mathbb{R}^n\), \(t \in \mathbb{R}\), and \(p \in \mathbb{R}^k\) is a vector of parameters. Recently, \textit{G. A. Leonov} and \textit{N. V. Kuznetsov} [Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos Appl. Sci. Eng. 23, No. 1, Article ID 1330002, 69 p. (2013; Zbl 1270.34003)] have introduced a new classification of nonlinear dynamics for two kinds of attractors: self-excited attractors and hidden attractors. From a computational point of view, it is natural to introduce the following class of attractors: an attractor is called a self-excited attractor if its basin of attraction intersects with any open neighborhood of an unstable fixed point. The most known nonlinear systems, such as the Lorenz system, the Rössler system, the Chen system and the Sprott system, belong to chaotic systems with self-excited attractors. This series of examples of self-excited attractors can be extended to the case of other well-known dynamical systems. Nowadays, thousands of publications have been devoted to the analysis of systems of this class. A further study showed that self-excited periodic and chaotic oscillations did not give exhaustive information about the possible types of oscillations. In the middle of the twentieth century some examples of periodic and chaotic oscillations such as those with an infinite number of equilibrium points, with stable equilibria, or without equilibrium were found. Later on they were called ``hidden oscillations'' and ``hidden attractors'': the basin of attraction does not intersect with small neighborhoods of equilibria. This class of attractors should be introduced according to the following definition: an attractor is called a hidden attractor if its basin of attraction does not intersect with small neighborhoods of equilibria. As described in the introduction, nowadays, the problem of numerical localization, computation, and analytical investigation of hidden attractors is much more challenging. This happens, since in this case there is no possibility to use information about equilibria. Thus, the hidden attractors cannot be computed by using standard procedures. Furthermore, in this case it is unlikely that the integration of trajectories for random initial data furnishes hidden attractor localization since a basin of attraction can be very small and the dimension of hidden attractor itself can be much smaller than the dimension of the considered system. One of the effective methods for the numerical localization of the hidden attractors is based on a homotopy and numerical continuation. The authors construct a sequence of systems for which the initial data for numerically computing the oscillating solution can be obtained analytically from the first (starting) system. Over the last few decades, the control and synchronization of oscillating motions in dynamical systems having self-excited oscillation have been the topic of intense research from both theoretical and experimental points of view. However, during the last few years, a number of works on controlling chaotic systems with hidden attractors have been reported in the literature. As stated in the preface, studying systems with hidden attractors has become an attractive research direction because hidden attractors play an important role in theoretical problems and engineering applications. For example, hidden attractors can generate unexpected and potentially disastrous responses to perturbations in a structure like a bridge or an airplane wing. Therefore, it is useful for engineering students and researchers to have an overview of this new classification of attractors. This book is a concise reference in nonlinear systems with hidden attractors. Furthermore, emergent topics in circuit implementation of systems with hidden attractors are presented. This book can be used as a part of the bibliography in courses related to dynamical systems and their applications, nonlinear circuits, or oscillations in mechanical systems.