Long-time behaviour of two-phase solutions to a class of forward-backward parabolic equations (Q605506)

Let \(\Omega:=(\omega_1,\omega_2)\), \(-\infty<\omega_1<0\), \(0<\omega_2<\infty\), \(Q:=\Omega\times(0,\infty)\). The problem \[ u_t=[\varphi(u)]_{xx} \quad\text{in }Q,\qquad[\varphi(u)]_{x}=0 \quad\text{on }\partial\Omega\times(0,\infty), \qquad u=u_0 \quad\text{in }\Omega\times\{0\}\tag{1} \] is studied. Assume \(u_0\leq b<0\) a.e. in \((\omega_1,0)\), \(u_0\geq c>0\) a.e. in \((0,\omega_2)\), the roots \(a\) and \(d\) of the equations \(\varphi(u)=A\) and \(\varphi(u)=B\) respectively are such that \(a\in(-\infty,)\), \(d \in (c,\infty)\), where \(A:=\varphi(c)< 0\), \(B:=\varphi(b)>0\). Let \(v=\varphi(u)\), \(u=s(v)\); \(S_1:= \{(u,\varphi(u))\mid u\in(-\infty,b]\}\equiv \{(s_1(v),v)\mid v\in(-\infty,B]\}\), \(S_2:= \{(u,\varphi(u))\mid u\in[c,\infty)\}\equiv \{(s_2(v),v)\mid v\in[A,\infty)\}\) be the stable branches of the equation \(v=\varphi(u)\) and \(S_0:= \{(u,\varphi(u))\mid u\in(b,c)\}\equiv \{(s_0(v),v)\mid v\in(A,B)\}\) be unstable branch; \(x=\xi(t)\), \(\xi(0)=0\), be a free boundary, such that \(u=s_1(v)\) in \((\omega_1,\xi(t))\), \(u=s_2(v)\) in \((\xi(t),\omega_2)\). The two-phase solution of the problem (1) is the triple of functions \(u,v,\xi\) from certain classes. The author proves that the problem (1) has a weak solution \(u,v\); the function \(v(\cdot,t)\) converges to \(v^*=\text{const}\) in \(C(\overline{\Omega})\) or in a measure in dependence of the approach of \(t\) to \(\infty\); the limit \(\lim_{t\to\infty}\xi(t)\) exists.