Maximal points of stable and related polynomials (Q1266101)

A maximal point of a polynomial \(P\) is any complex number \(z_0= e^{it_0}\) such that \(| P(z_0) |= \| P\|_\infty = \max_{| z|=1} P(z)|\). This paper deals with the problem of knowing the number and position of the maximal points of a polynomial in relation to the roots, when there is not any condition on the moduli of the roots. The main result is the following theorem. Let \(P\) be a polynomial which is not a monomial, all of whose roots lie in a closed half-plane \(H\) whose boundary \(\partial H\) contains the origin. 1. If \(P\) has at least one root in the interior of \(H\), then \(P\) has exactly one maximal point \(z_0\) which is located in the interior of the complementary half-plane. 2. If all the roots of \(P\) lie on \(\partial H\), then \(P\) has either exactly one maximal point located on \(\partial H\), or two maximal points which are symmetrically located with respect to \(\partial H\). Polynomials with all roots with negative real parts -- connected with dynamical systems -- and real polynomials having only real roots -- for example, real orthogonal polynomials -- are involved in the above result.