Simons type equation in \(\mathbb S^{2}\times \mathbb R\) and \(\mathbb H^{2}\times \mathbb R\) and applications (Q407781)

This paper deals with constant mean curvature (cmc) surfaces in the product spaces \(\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{R}^1\), \(\mathbb{H}^2\times\mathbb{R}^1\). Using the Abresch-Rosenberg quadratic differential form \(Q\), see [\textit{U. Abresch} and \textit{H. Rosenberg}, ``A Hopf differential for constant mean curvature surfaces in \(\mathbb{S}^2 \times \mathbb{R}\) and \(\mathbb{H}^2 \times\mathbb{R}\)'', Acta Math. 193, No. 2, 141--174 (2004; Zbl 1078.53053)], and introducing its traceless part \(S\), the authors derive an equation of Simons type for \(S\) and then prove the following: Theorem 1. Let \(\Sigma^2\hookrightarrow \mathbb{S}^2\times \mathbb{R}^1\) be an immersed surface with constant mean curvature \(H > \frac{1}{2}\). If \(\Sigma^2\) is complete and \(\sup\limits_\Sigma| S| < L_H\) or \(\Sigma^2\) is closed and \(| S|\leq L_H\), where \(L_H\) is a positive root for \(p_H = -t^2-\frac{1}{H}t+\frac{4H^2-1}{2}\), then \(\Sigma^2\) is an embedded rotationally invariant cmc sphere. Theorem 2. Let \(\Sigma^2\hookrightarrow \mathbb{H}^2\times \mathbb{R}^1\) be an immersed surface with constant mean curvature \(H > \sqrt{\frac{3+\sqrt{11}}{4}}\). If \(\Sigma^2\) is complete and \(\sup\limits_\Sigma| S| < M_H\) or \(\Sigma^2\) is closed and \(| S|\leq M_H\), where \(M_H\) is a positive root for \(q_H = -t^2-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}H}t+\frac{8H^4-12H^2-1}{4H^2}\), then \(\Sigma^2\) is an embedded rotationally invariant cmc sphere. Remark that embedded rotationally invariant cmc spheres in \(\mathbb{S}^2\times \mathbb{R}^1\) (\(\mathbb{H}^2\times \mathbb{R}^1\) ) were described in the paper by U. Abresch, H. Rosenberg mentioned above. The results obtained generalize a theorem due to H. Alencar, M. do Carmo on cmc hypersurfaces in the unit sphere \(\mathbb{S}^n\), see [\textit{H. Alencar} and \textit{M. P. do Carmo}, ``Hypersurfaces with constant mean curvature in spheres'', Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 120, No. 4, 1223--1229 (1994; Zbl 0802.53017)].