On Hasse-Schmidt rings and module algebras. (Q2376575)

Let \(k\) be a commutative ring, and let \(\mathbb S\) be the standard ring scheme over \(k\). As in [\textit{R. Moosa} and \textit{T. Scanlon}, Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 103, No. 2, 197-234 (2011; Zbl 1273.14006)], a finite free commutative \(\mathbb S\)-algebra scheme is an affine commutative \(\mathbb S\)-algebra scheme that is isomorphic to \(\mathbb S^l\) as an \(\mathbb S\)-module scheme for some non-negative integer \(l\). Also, a Hasse-Schmidt system over \(k\) is a projective system of finite free commutative \(\mathbb S\)-algebra schemes \(\mathcal D=(\pi_{m,n}\colon\mathcal D_m\to\mathcal D_n)_{n\leq m}\) such that \(\pi_{m,n}\) are surjective morphisms of \(\mathbb S\)-algebra schemes. In the paper under review it is shown that there is a bijective correspondence between Hasse-Schmidt systems and cocommutative coalgebras; the correspondence is described explicitly. If \(\mathcal D\) is a Hasse-Schmidt system with associated coalgebra \(D\), it is proved that \(\mathcal D\)-rings are in bijection to algebras with a \(D\)-measuring. Moreover, if \(\mathcal D\) is a unital iterative Hasse-Schmidt system, then \(D\) is a bialgebra, and iterative \(\mathcal D\)-rings are in bijection to \(D\)-module algebras.