Dual spaces of dyadic Hardy spaces generated by a rearrangement invariant space \(X\) on \([0,1]\) (Q1127072)

Let \(I\) denote the real line interval \([0,1]\), and let \(M(I)\) denote the space of Lebesgue measurable functions on \(I\). The space \(X\) is said to be an order ideal of \(M(I)\) if \(f,g\in M(I)\) with \(| f|<| g|\) and \(g\in X\) implies that \(f\in X\) and \(\| f\|\leq\| g\|\), where \(\|\cdot\|\) is a norm on \(X\). An order ideal \(X\) is said to be a `rearrangement invariant space' if \(X\) contains characteristic functions, the dual space \(X''= X\), and if \[ \text{meas}(\{t\in I:| f(t)|> b\})= \text{meas.}(\{i\in I:| g(t)|> b\}) \] for \(b>0\), then \(f\in X\) implies that \(g\in X\), and \(\| g\|=\| f\|\). In one of the main results of this paper, the author shows that if \[ K(f)(x)= \sup\{\text{meas.}(Q)^{-1} \int_Q| f(x)| dx:x\in Q,\;Q\text{ is an interval}\}, \] if \(1< r<\infty\), and if \(1< p_X\leq q_X<\infty\), where \(p_X\), \(q_X\), are `Boyd indices' for \(X\), then, for some finite constant \(C(X,r)\), \[ \Biggl\|\Biggl( \sum^n_{j=1}| K(f_j)|^r\Biggr)^{1/r}\Biggr\|\leq C(X,r) \Biggl\|\Biggl( \sum^n_{j=1}| f_j|^r\Biggr)^{1/r}\Biggr\|, \] indicated as derived for the cases \(X= L^p(X)\), where \(1< p<\infty\), by \textit{C. Fefferman} and \textit{E. M. Stein} [Am. J. Math. 93, 107-115 (1971; Zbl 0222.26019)]. In further results of the paper, the dual space of `dyadic Hardy space' \(H_X\) is identified with \(H_{X'}\), where \(X'\) is the dual space of \(X\), and \(1= p_x\leq q_x\leq 2\). In addition the dual spaces are connected by a map which transforms an element \(\chi\) in \((H_X)^*\) to an element \(t\) of \(H_{X'}\) having equivalent norm.