On trigonometric and paratrigonometric Hermite interpolation (Q1764870)

Let \(H_n^T \) denote the class of all trigonometric polynomials of degree not greater than \(n\) and \(H_n^T (\alpha )\) the family of all trigonometric polynomials of the form \[ a_n \sin \,\left( {nt + \alpha } \right) + T_{n - 1} \left( t \right),\quad T_{n - 1} \in H_{n - 1}^T ,\quad 0 \leq \alpha < \pi ,\;n > 1. \] The function of the form \[ H_{n + \frac{1}{2}}^T (t) = \sum\limits_{j = 0}^n {\left[ {a_j \sin\!\left( {j + \frac{1}{2}} \right)t + b_j \cos\! \left( {j + \frac{1}{2}} \right)t} \right]} , \quad a_n^2 + b_n^2 > 0, \] will be called the paratrigonometric polynomial of degree \(n + \frac{1}{2}\). We denote by \(H_{n + \frac{1}{2}}^T \) the class of all paratrigonometric polynomials of degree not greater than \(n + \frac{1}{2}\). In the paper the following trigonometric and paratrigonometric Hermite interpolation problems are investigated. Problem THI. Find a trigonometric polynomial \(T\) of minimal degree which satisfies the following interpolation conditions \[ D^lT\left( {t_j } \right) = d_{j\,,\,l} ,\quad l = 0,1,...,\lambda _{j - 1} ;\;j = 1,2,...,n, \tag{1} \] where \(D = \frac{d}{dt}\) and \(d_{j\,,\,l} \) are arbitrary given numbers. Problem PHTI. Find a paratrigonometric polynomial \(T\) of minimal degree which satisfies the conditions (1). The problem THI for odd \(\lambda = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {\lambda _j } \) and the problem PHTI for even \(\lambda = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {\lambda _j } \) are proved. Let \(\bar {C}_{2\pi } \) denotes the space of all \(2\pi \)-antiperiodic functions that is of the functions \(f\) for which the equality \(f(t + 2\pi ) = - f(t)\) for all values of \(t\) is satisfied. It is evident that \(H_{n + \frac{1}{2}}^T \subset \bar {C}_{2\pi } \) for all \(n \in Z_ + \). The problem of paratrigonometric Hermite interpolation for functions \(f \in \bar {C}_{2\pi } \) is posed and solved.