Approximation by local trigonometric splines (Q2387854)

Let \(W_\alpha\), \(\alpha>0\), be the class of 1-periodic functions \(f: {\mathbb R} \to {\mathbb R}\) having a locally absolutely continuous derivative \(f'\) for which \(\| f''+\alpha^2 f \| _{L_\infty [0,1]} \leq 1\). The authors consider approximation of \(W_\alpha\) by the space of 1-periodic trigonometric splines representable on each interval \([jh, (j+1/2)h]\) and \([(j+1/2)h, (j+1)h]\), \(h=1/n\), \(j \in {\mathbb Z}\), by a linear combination of three functions: \(1, \cos \alpha x, \sin \alpha x\). For \(h<\pi/\alpha\), a special spline \(S_n(f, x)\) is constructed, depending linearly on \(f\) and having a continuous derivative \(S'_n(f, x)\) on \({\mathbb R}\). If \(f\) is locally monotone or convex, then \(S_n(f, x)\) inherits these properties in some form. For example, if \(f((j+1)h) \geq f(jh) \geq f((j-1)h)\) for some \(j\), then \(S_n(f, x)\) increases on \([jh, (j+1/2)h]\). The quantity \[ \sup_{f \in W_\alpha} \| f - S_n(f, \cdot)\| _\infty \] is evaluated explicitly in the paper. It is equal to the Kolmogorov width \(d_{2n}(W_\alpha, L_\infty[0, 1]\)), as well as to the so-called Konovalov (or relative) width.