Dynamical renormalization group approach to relaxation in quantum field theory. (Q1413148)

The authors consider the Lagrangian density \(L=(\partial_\mu \Phi)^2/2-m^2\Phi^2/2+J\Phi+L_{ct}+L_{int}\). Writing \(\Phi=\psi(x,t) +\varphi(x,t)\) with \(\langle \psi \rangle=0\), \(\varphi(x,t)=\langle\Phi \rangle\), and taking spatial Fourier transforms, one finds the equation \[ \ddot\varphi_k(t)+\omega_k^2 \varphi_k(t)+ \int\Sigma_k^R(t-t') \varphi_k(t')=0\cdots,\tag{1} \] \(\omega_k^2=k^2+m^2\). Here \(\Sigma_k (\omega)=\lambda\Sigma_k^{(1)} (\omega)+\lambda^2 \Sigma_k^{(2)} (\omega)+0(\lambda^3)=\int_{[0,\infty)} e^{i\omega t}\Sigma_k^R(t)dt\), \(\text{Im}\,\omega> 0\). They study the initial value problem of the eq. (1) with the condition \(\dot \varphi_k(t\leq 0)=0\) via Laplace transform implementing the dynamical renormalization group (DRG). \(\varphi_k(t)=2^{-1}\varphi_k(0)e^{i\omega_k t}[1+ \Sigma_{i=1,2}\lambda^iS_k^{(i)}(t)+\text{non-sec}+0(\lambda^3)]+ c.c..\) They set \(\varphi_k(0)=\varphi_k(\tau)R_k(\tau)\), \(R_k=1+ \Sigma_{i=1,2} \lambda^i r_k^{(i)}(\tau)+0(\lambda^3)\). The coefficients \(r_k^{(i)}\) are chosen to cancel the secular terms at time \(\tau\) order by order in the perturbative expansion, and the renormalized solution \(\varphi_k(t)\) is given. The DRG equation \(\partial \varphi_k(t)/ \partial\tau=0\) yields a uniform asymptotic expansion at long times. They show that the DRG resummation is a Bloch-Nordsieck resummation in real time.