Some new old-fashioned modular identities (Q1265270)

The paper uses modular functions on the theta group to derive an exact formula for the sum \[ \sum_{| j|\leq\sqrt u}\sigma(u-j^2) \] in terms of the singular series for the number of representations of an integer as a sum of 5 squares (here \(\sigma(k)\) denotes the sum of the divisors of \(k\) if \(k\) is a positive integer and \(\sigma(0) =-{1\over 24})\). Several related identities are derived and discussed.