Metric regularity and subdifferential calculus in Banach spaces (Q1893911)

Throughout the paper it is assumed that \(X\) and \(Y\) are reflexive Banach spaces. The authors consider the special multivalued mapping \(F(x)=- g(x)+D\), where \(g:X \to Y\) need not satisfy any differentiability assumptions and \(D \subset Y\). Let \(C \subset X\) and \(x_0\in C\). \(F\) is called metrically regular at \((x_0, y_0)\in \text{graph} F\) w.r.t. the set \(C\) iff there exist \(k \geq 0\) and \(\varepsilon > 0\) such that \(d(x,C \cap F^{-1} (y)) \leq k d(x, F(x))\) for all \(x\in (x_0+\varepsilon B_X) \cap C\) and \(y\in y_0+\varepsilon B_Y\), where \(d(x, F(x))\) is the distance of \(x\) to the set \(F(x)\) \((d (x, \emptyset) :=\infty)\). At first they give sufficient conditions for the above reglarity. Using the subdifferential calculus for limiting Fréchet subdifferentials \(\partial_F\) (sum of subdifferentials, chain rule) and the Fréchet coderivative \(D^*_F g(x_0)\) defined by \[ D^*_F g(x_0) (y^*) :=\bigl\{ x^*\in X^* \mid (x^*,-y^*)\in \mathbb{R}_+\partial_F d \bigl(\bigl( x_0, g(x_0) \bigr), \text{graph } g \bigr) \bigr\} \] they prove (Theorem 2.3) the metrical regularity of \(F\) in the above sense under the assumptions that \(C,D\) are closed, \(g\) is Lipschitzian around \(x_0\) with constant \(K_g\), \(D\) is epi-Lipschitz at \(g (x_0)\) and that the regularity condition \[ y^*\in \partial_Fd \bigl( g(x_0), D \bigr) \wedge 0\in D^*_F g \bigl( x_0 (y^*) \bigr)+K_g \partial_F d(x_0, C) \Rightarrow y^*=0 \] is satisfied. In their work they do not need the epi-Lipschitz property of the set \(C\). As application of this theorem they give conditions for the metrical regularity in the special cases \(F(x)=- x+D\) (Cor. 2.4), \(D=X \times \text{epi} f\) (Cor. 2.5), \(g\) is strictly differentiable at \(x_0\) (Cor. 2.6). Using the above results they can prove the more general chain rule for the limiting Fréchet subdifferential \[ \partial_F (f \circ g) (x_0) \subset \bigcup_{y^*\in \partial_F f(y_0)} D^*_F g(x_0) (y^*), \] where \(g:X \to Y\) is continuous around \(x_0\), \(f:Y \to \overline \mathbb{R}\) is l.s.c around \(y_0=(x_0)\), \(|(f \circ g) (x_0) |<\infty\) and \(F (x,y,r)=- (x,y,r)+X \times \text{epi} f\) is metrically regular at \(((x_0, g(x_0), f(g(x_0))), 0)\) w.r.t. the set \(\{(x,y)\mid g(x)=y \} \times \mathbb{R}\). Furthermore, formulas for the subdifferentials of the indicator function of \(C \cap g^{-1} (D)\) at \(x_0\) and for the sum \(f_1+f_2\) (both l.s.c., only one of them directionally Lipschitz at \(x_0)\) are given under the above general assumptions.