The Szegö inequality for derivatives of a conjugate trigonometric polynomial in \(L_ 0\) (Q1905328)

One of the different generalizations of the classical Bernstein and Szegö inequalities reads as follows: \[ \int^{2\pi}_0 \varphi(|f_n'(t)\cos\alpha+\widetilde f_n'(t)\sin\alpha|)dt\leq \int^{2\pi}_0 \varphi(n|f_n(t)) dt, \] where \(f_n(t)=a_0+\sum^n_{k=1}(a_k\cos kt+b_k\sin kt)\in {\mathcal T}_n\), \(\widetilde f_n\) denotes the conjugate of \(f_n\), and \(\varphi\) is a convex and nondecreasing function on \([0,\infty)\). Hence, for \(1\leq p\leq\infty\) and \(r\in\mathbb{Z}_+\), e.g., \[ |\widetilde f^{(r)}_n|_{L_p}\leq n^r|f_n|_{L_p}\tag{1} \] follows. The author, among others, shows that (1) for \(p=0\), where \[ |f|_{L_0}:=\lim_{p\to+0} |f|_{L_p}=\exp\Biggl({1\over 2\pi}\int^{2\pi}_0 \ln|f(t)|dt\Biggr), \] does not hold true. Let \(\kappa_p(n,r)\), \(0\leq p\leq\infty\), denote the least constant in \[ |\widetilde f^{(r)}_n|_{L_p}\leq\kappa_p(n,r)|f_n|_{L_p},\quad f_n\in {\mathcal T}_n. \] The author systematically studies the values of \(\kappa_p(n,r)\) with respect to \(p\), \(r\), and \(n\). He proves five interesting theorems which need a lot of notations, and hence it is not possible for the reviewer to state them exactly.