Asymptotic completeness of the wave operators for first order systems with nonsmooth coefficients (Q1910053)
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Asymptotic completeness of the wave operators for first order systems with nonsmooth coefficients (English)
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21 April 1997
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The author studies existence and asymptotic completeness of the wave operators for first order systems of the form \[ \partial_t \varphi= E(x) \sum^N_{j=1} \partial_j \bigl(H_jE(x) \varphi \bigr), \quad x\in \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^N. \tag{1} \] Here \(H_j\), \(j=1, \dots, N\), are symmetric \(M\times M\) matrices and \(E\in L^\infty (\Omega)\). The wave operators can be defined comparing two such problems. Namely, let \[ B^{(0)}_k \varphi= i\sum^N_{j=1} \partial_j (H_j \varphi),\;k=1,2. \tag{2} \] Then \(\varphi \in D(B_k^0)\) if, in addition to (2), it satisfies certain boundary conditions. Let \(\Omega_k\), \(k=1,2\), be the corresponding domains in \(\mathbb{R}^N\) associated with these two operators. Consider the operator \(B_k= E_kB_k^{(0)} E_k\), \(k=1,2\). Then the wave operators are defined formally as follows \[ \Omega^\pm=s\text{-}\lim_{t\to\pm \infty} \exp (it B_2) I_{1,2} \exp (-it B_1) P_{\text{cont}} (B_1). \] Here the natural identification operator \(I_{1,2}\) is defined as follows \(I_{1,2} (\varphi) (x)= \varphi(x)\) if \(x\in \Omega_1 \cap \Omega_2\) and \(I_{1,2} (\varphi) (x)=0\) if \(x\in \Omega_2 \backslash \Omega_1\), \(\varphi \in X_1\). Here \(X_k= L_2 (\Omega_k; \mathbb{C}^M)\), \(k=1,2\). The main result asserts that the wave operators exist and that they are complete. The completeness means that \(\text{ran} \Omega^\pm = X_{\text{cont}} (B_2)\). Here \(X_{\text{cont}} (B_2)\), \(X_{\text{cont}} (B_1)\) are the continuous spaces of \(B_2,B_1\). The main idea of the proof is to obtain the following local energy decay \[ \lim_{t\to\pm\infty} \int_{\Omega_1 \cap\{(x)<vt\}} \bigl(\varphi(t) \bigr)^2 = 0 \] for any \(v\in(0,1)\), \(\varphi \in {\mathcal D} (B_1) \cap X_{\text{cont}} (B_1)\), \(\varphi(t) = e^{-itB_1} \varphi\). This decay estimate is based on a suitable application of the RAGE theorem.
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asymptotic completeness
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RAGE theorem
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