Seshadri positive curves in a smooth projective 3-fold (Q1921281)

Definition 1.1. Let \((X,A)\) be a smooth polarized projective threefold, \(C\subset X\) a smooth connected curve, \(N=N_{C/X}\) the normal bundle. A) Let \(f:X_C= \text{BL}_C(X)\to X\) be the blow-up of \(X\) along \(C\), and \(E\subset X_C\) the exceptional divisor. Then set \(\varepsilon(C,A)= \sup\{x\in\mathbb{Q}\mid f^*H-xE\) is ample\}. The invariant \(\varepsilon(C,A)\) is the Seshadri constant of \(C\) with respect to \(A\). B) For \(\gamma\in\mathbb{Q}\) set \(\delta_\gamma(C,A)= \gamma\cdot\deg (N)- A\cdot C\). Also set \(\delta(C,A)= \delta_{\varepsilon(C,A)} (C,A)\). We shall often drop the polarization \(A\). Definition 1.2. Let \((X,A)\), \(C\subset X\) and \(E\subset X_C\) be as in definition 1.1. Then \(C\) is Seshadri-big (respectively, Seshadri-ample) with respect to \(A\) if for some \(m,n>0\) such that \(mA-nE\) is very ample, \({\mathcal O}_S(E)\) is big and nef (respectively, ample), for a general \({\mathcal S}\in|mA-nE|\). For brevity, we shall also say that \(C\) is \(A\)-big or \(A\)-ample, respectively. \(C\) is Seshadri-ample (respectively, Seshadri-big) if it is Seshadri-ample (resp., Seshadri-big) with respect to some polarization \(A\). Remark 1.1. Let \((A,A)\) be a smooth polarized threefold, \(C\subset X\) a smooth curve in it. If \(C\) is \(A\)-big, then it is connected. If it is connected and \(\delta(C,A)>0\) then it is \(A\)-big. Remark 1.2. A statement of Hardy-Lefschetz type holds for the Poincaré dual classes of Seshadri ample curves. In other words, we have: Theorem. Suppose that \(X\) is a smooth projective 3-fold and let \(C\subset X\) be a smooth Seshadri-ample curve. If \(\eta_C\) is the Poincaré dual class to \(C\), then \(\eta_C\wedge:H^1(X,\mathbb{C})\to H^5(X,\mathbb{C})\) is an isomorphism.