On a rearrangement-invariant function set that appears in optimal Sobolev embeddings (Q929556)

When considering optimal Sobolev embeddings, estimates of the ``oscillation'' \(f^{**}-f^*\) appear in a natural way. Let \(A\) be an r.i.\ function space with lower and upper Boyd indices \(\pi_A\) and \(\rho_A\), and \(Y(A)\) the class of functions defined by the conditions \(\| f\|^*_A:=\| t^{-m/n}(f^{**}(t)-f^*(t)\|_A<\infty\) and \(f^{**}(\infty)=0\). If \(Y(A)\) is linear and normable by \(\| f\|_B\simeq\| f\|^*_A\), then an optimal Sobolev embedding result \(\| f\| _B\leq c\| | D^mf|\|_A\) was obtained in [\textit{M.\,Milman} and \textit{E.\,Pustylnik}, Commun.\ Contemp.\ Math.\ 6, No.\,3, 495--511 (2004; Zbl 1108.46029)], where it was also shown that, if \(m/n<\pi_A\), then \(\| f\| ^*_A\simeq\| t^{-m/n}f^{**}(t)\|_A\) and \(Y(A)\) is linear and normable. The paper under review deals with the limiting case \(m/n=\pi_A\), and the main theorem states that then \(Y(A)\) is linear and normable if and only if \(\| f\|_A\simeq\| Q_{m/n}f^*\| _B\) for some r.i.\ space \(B\) with \(\rho_B<1-m/n\). Here, \(Q_{m/n}h(t)=\int_t^\infty s^{m/n}h(s)\,ds/s\). All such spaces \(A\) are described as interpolation spaces for the couple \((L^1,L^{n/m,1})\) and several interesting applications are also included. The last one shows that the Zygmund class \(L_{\exp}\) is the smallest r.i.\ space containing BMO.