On a theorem of Deutsch and Kenderov (Q1086450)

Let X be a topological space and let (Y,d) be a metric space. A multifunction \(\Gamma\) : \(X\to 2^ Y\), from X to Y, is said to be lower semicontinuous (l.s.c) if for each open set G in Y \(\{\) x:\(\Gamma\) (x)\(\cap G\neq \emptyset \}\) is an open subset of X. A single valued function \(f: X\to Y\) is called a selection for \(\Gamma\) if for each \(x\in X\) it is f(x)\(\in \Gamma (x)\). If E is a nonempty subset of Y and \(\epsilon >0\), let \(S_{\epsilon}[E]\) denote the union of the open balls in Y whose centres run over E. A function \(f: X\to Y\) is called an \(\epsilon\)-approximate selection for \(\Gamma:X\to 2^ Y\) if for each x in X it is \(f(x)\in S_{\epsilon}[\Gamma (x)]\). Finally, a multifunction \(\Gamma\) is said to be almost lower semicontinuous (a.l.s.c) if for each \(\epsilon >0\) and for each \(x\in X\) there exists a neighbourhood V of x such that \(\cap \{S_{\epsilon}[\Gamma (w)]:w\in V\}\neq \emptyset.\) The following result is due to \textit{F. Deutsch} and \textit{P. Kenderov} [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 14, 185-194 (1983; Zbl 0518.41031)]: Theorem. Let X be paracompact and let Y be a 1-dimensional normed linear space. Suppose \(\Gamma\) : \(X\to 2^ Y\) has compact convex values. Then \(\Gamma\) admits a continuous selection if and only if \(\Gamma\) is a.l.s.c. In this paper the author shows that the above result is the best possible, i.e., it fails if Y is 2-dimensional. He also presents several characterizations of closed convex valued multifunctions with values in a B-space that admit continuous selections. Finally, he proves some selection and approximate selection theorems for nonconvex valued a.l.s.c. multifunctions.