Vectors of type II Hermite-Padé approximations and a new linear independence criterion (Q2048664)

Let \(m\in\mathbb Z^+\), \(\gamma_1,\dots , \gamma_m\in\mathbb R\) and \(l\in\{ 1,\dots ,m\}\). Let \(q_n^{(\nu)},p_n^{(1,\nu)},\dots ,p_n^{(m,\nu)}\) with \(\nu =1,\dots ,l\) be \(l(m+1)\) sequences of integers. For \(\mu=1,\dots ,m\) and \(\nu=1,\dots ,l\) set \(\varepsilon_n^{(\mu,\nu)}=q_n^{(\nu)}\gamma_n-p_n^{(\mu,\nu)}\). Suppose that for all choices of \(l\) distinct indeces \((\mu_1,\dots ,\mu_l)\) from \(1\) to \(m\) we have \(\lim_{n\to\infty} \det [\varepsilon_n^{(\mu,\nu)}]_{\mu=\mu_1,\dots ,\mu_l, \nu=1,\dots ,l}=0 \). Assume that for all \(\lambda^{(i,j)}\in\mathbb Z\), \(i=1,\dots ,l\), \(j=1,\dots ,m\) such that the matrix \([\lambda^{(i,j)}]_{i=1,\dots ,l, j=1,\dots ,m}\in\mathcal{M}(l,m;\mathbb Z)\) has rank \(l\), the square matrix \([\lambda^{(i,j)}]_{i=1,\dots ,l, j=1,\dots ,m} [\varepsilon_n^{(\mu,\nu)}]_{\mu=1,\dots ,m, \nu=1,\dots ,l}\in\mathcal{M}(l,l;\mathbb Z)\) is non-singular for infinitely many \(n\). Then the author proves that \(\dim_{\mathbb Q}(\mathbb Q+\mathbb Q \gamma_1+\dots +\mathbb Q \gamma_m)\geq 2+m-l\). Some examples, variations of this result and consequences are included also.